Eukaryotic secretory proteins cross the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane through a protein-conducting channel contained within the ribosome–Sec61translocon complex (RTC). Using a zinc-finger ...

Integral membrane proteins are inserted into the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane in a co-translational manner. Ribosomes that are synthesizing membrane proteins are targeted to the membrane by the ...

Around a third of all proteins in a cell sit within membranes, where they carry out fundamental tasks like transporting molecules, sending signals or transferring energy. However, these proteins are ...

Ludwig Maximilian University researchers have visualized the complex interplay between protein synthesis, transport and modification. All biological membranes are made up of a phospholipid bilayer, ...

Sorting proteins is fundamental to the gene expression of every organism - from bacteria to humans. Particularly important during biosynthesis is sorting secretory and membrane proteins, which have to ...

Though each cell is bounded by its membrane, the membrane is studded with protein complexes that manage both protein secretion and membrane insertion. If these complexes were better understood, ...

The TOC (Translocon at the Outer envelope of Chloroplasts)-TIC (Translocon at the Inner envelope of Chloroplasts) supercomplex is responsible for mediating the transport of most precursor proteins ...

Credit: Reprinted by permission of Macmillian Publishers, LTD." /> Credit: Reprinted by permission of Macmillian Publishers, LTD. The paper: T. Hessa et al., ?Recognition of transmembrane helices by ...

(Nanowerk News) Proteins are the molecular building blocks and machines of the cell and are involved in virtually every process of life. After protein production, many proteins are equipped with ...

For most proteins, there is a particular place inside a cell where they carry out their function. But how do they get there? Scientists from the Charité Berlin, the University of Heidelberg, and the ...