Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

PLC Inputs and Outputs provides an overview of the main types of input/output modules and input/output devices, their primary functions, and their roles in a PLC process. In a PLC system, the ...

All systems can be understood using an input-process-output (IPO) model, and the system we call “innovation” is no exception. This model is likely familiar to you from information technology and ...