The operating environment within a condenser is extremely harsh, and in spite of the designer’s best intentions, sometimes tubes made of the best materials fail. The most important tube failure ...

As energy costs and regulatory demands for system efficiency increase, thermostatic expansion valves (TXVs) are replacing capillary tubes, particularly in residential air conditioning and heat pumps.

Enhanced condenser tube designs can significantly improve the heat rate and performance of fossil and nuclear plants. Using the optimum number of tubes and replacement tube sheets will cost more than ...

When refrigeration systems are exposed to low outside air temperatures, the condensing pressure will fall, and if the head pressure gets too low, the metering device will not have enough pressure drop ...